10 Helpful WordPress Zapier Recipes and Tips to Automate Your Site

Need to robotize key assignments at your WordPress site to spare time and improve your work processes? With the WordPress Zapier plans and tips that Ill offer in this post, youll have the option to associate your WordPress webpage to a huge amount of various sites, apparatuses, and applications, to computerize WordPress in some perfect ways.Ill start with a concise prologue to what Zapier is, in the event that youve never knew about this great instrument. At that point, Ill get into the absolute most accommodating WordPress Zapier plans you can begin utilizing today. On the off chance that youre curious about Zapier, its an instrument that lets you interface two distinctive applications together.For this model, one of those applications is your WordPress site. With respect to the next application that is the thing that this post is about!Zapier underpins a great many applications, so youll have the option to associate your WordPress site to:Social media networksEmail promoting servic esCRMsGoogle Docs/Sheetsplus a ton more!Each association is known as a formula. So a WordPress Zapier formula is only one explicit association between your WordPress site and another tool.Ten accommodating WordPress Zapier plans and thoughts to robotize your siteReady for the great part? Here are probably the best WordPress Zapier plans (or thoughts for plans) that you can begin applying today.When conceivable, Ill offer a connect to the Zapier formula page with the goal that you can utilize the premade layout, as opposed to setting up each WordPress Zapier formula without any preparation. What's more, for every formula, Ill likewise share the applicable activities and triggers.If youre not certain how to utilize these activities and triggers in WordPress Zapier plans, Ill give you a fast instructional exercise for that toward the finish of the post.1. Consequently share WordPress presents on social mediaOne of the easiest uses for Zapier is to naturally share your new WordPress pos ts on social media.You can set it up so that at whatever point you distribute another WordPress post, Zapier consequently shares that post on:FacebookTwitterPinterestLinkedInEtc.Each interpersonal organization is in fact a different formula, yet Im lumping them all together for simplicitys sake.Alternatively, you can likewise naturally add presents on Buffer, from which you can push them out to any of your social channels.Trigger: New Post (WordPress)Action: Choose your favored informal organization (or snap the connections above)2. Post Instagram or YouTube content directly to WordPressZapier can likewise assist you with going in the other direction.For model, possibly you need to naturally share your Instagram substance or YouTube recordings on your WordPress webpage as blog posts.Rather than doing this physically, you can utilize Zapier to consequently make another WordPress post at whatever point you share another picture on Instagram or distribute another YouTube video.Another alternative is snatch a RSS channel for those sources and import RSS channel things as blog posts.Trigger: New substance on Instagram or YouTubeAction: Create Post (WordPress)3. Get warnings for WordPress remarks or WooCommerce ordersZapier incorporates a WordPress trigger that lets you kick off a formula when theres another remark at your site.You can utilize this to naturally get remark notices in a couple of various ways. For instance, you could receive:Slack notificationsText messagesEmailsEtc.Similarly, you can likewise utilize Zapiers WooCommerce activities to trigger notices for new WooCommerce orders. Once more, you can get these warnings through any application/strategy that Zapier supports.Trigger: New Comment (WordPress) or New Order (WooCommerce)Action: Choose your favored notice channel4. Consequently add new WordPress clients to your CRMIf you permit open enlistment like a participation website or an online course you can utilize Zapier to naturally add new clients to your CRM of choice.With Zapiers New User WordPress trigger, you can pass data from new clients to any of the CRM apparatuses that Zapier supports.Trigger: New User (WordPress)Action: Choose your favored CRM and the applicable action5. Make new Trello cards from WordPress postsHere at ThemeIsle, we use Trello to arrange the entirety of our article endeavors. In the event that you do likewise, there are various ways that you can utilize Zapier to interface your Trello sheets with WordPress.Here are a few thoughts. You can make a cardIn a Promoting board after you distribute a post (heres a model recipe)To have your originator make an included picture when you spare a post as PendingWhenever you spare another draft (for example as you begin to make another post)Trigger: New Post (WordPress)Action: Create Card (Trello)**Zapier has other supportive Trello activities, as well. For instance Add Members to Card, Update Card, Move Card, etc.6. Make a front-end post accommodation structure wi th Google FormsWant guests to your site to have the option to submit new WordPress posts or custom post types? Typically, youd need an expensive premium structure module for that.But with Zapier, you can liberate it up for so that at whatever point a client submits something through Google Forms (or some other structure instruments), you can consequently transform that data into a WordPress post (or custom post type).Youll likewise have the option to pick whether to naturally distribute the substance, or hold it for moderation.Trigger: New Response in Spreadsheet (Google Forms)Action: Create Post (WordPress)7. Back up WordPress presents or media on cloud storageWhile you ought to surely have a different reinforcement process set up for your whole website, Zapier incorporates some flawless highlights to back up the content of your blog entries or the media that you transfer, which may prove to be useful in the future.Trigger: New Post (WordPress) or New Media (WordPress)Action: Choos e your favored distributed storage administration (for example Dropbox or Google Drive)8. Add new WooCommerce requests to a Google SheetIf youre running a WooCommerce store, you should get your request information into Google Sheets for additional examination. With Zapier, you can consequently add new requests directly to your picked spreadsheet.Theres a premade formula for that here. Or then again, you can likewise accomplish something comparable with Trello.Trigger: New Order (WooCommerce)Action: Create Spreadsheet Row (Google Sheets)9. Interface WordPress structures to ZapierMany WordPress structure modules incorporate committed Zapier reconciliations that let you associate structure entries to any of the applications on Zapier.Unfortunately, these combinations are regularly not free, however they do let you get imaginative with custom WordPress Zapier plans dependent on your WordPress forms.Examples of structure modules with Zapier mixes are:WPFormsGravity FormsNinja Forms10. Ge t innovative with your own WordPress Zapier recipesThe extremely extraordinary thing about Zapier is that its so adaptable. That is, the thoughts in this post are simply starting to expose what's underneath. So once you get the hang of things, I urge you to consider making your own recipes.In absolute, Zapier gives you the accompanying triggers and activities for WordPress†¦Triggers:You can begin plans dependent on any of the accompanying conditions.New†¦CommentPostTaxonomyPost typeUserComment StatusCategoryPost FormatAuthorPost StatusMediaActions:Based on a trigger from another apparatus, you can play out the accompanying activities at your WordPress site:Create PostUpload MediaBeyond that, WooCommerce likewise has its own arrangement of triggers and activities. Furthermore, on the off chance that you need much more triggers and activities, the Uncanny Automator module includes triggers and activities for devices like bbPress, LearnDash, The Events Calendar, and a great d eal more.Sobrowse the full assortment of Zapier applications. At that point, concoct some one of a kind approaches to apply those triggers and activities to your own workflows!How to make your first WordPress Zapier recipeIf youre not certain how to execute every one of those plans I indicated you above, heres a snappy instructional exercise on the best way to set things up.If you go to make another formula without any preparation, youll first pick the Trigger for your formula (AKA what begins the recipe):Then, youll need to associate Zapier to the record for whatever help youre utilizing as your trigger.For model, in the event that you pick a WordPress trigger, youll need to enter your administrator username/password:Then, youll set up increasingly explicit insights concerning the trigger, similar to which post statuses should consider a trigger:After that, youll fundamentally rehash a similar thought however for the Action (AKA what happens once a trigger condition is met):And tha t is it! When you wrap up your activity, your formula will be prepared to begin sparing you time.Have some other inquiries regarding how to utilize WordPress Zapier plans to robotize your work processes? Ask away in the remarks segment! Spare time via robotizing your #WordPress site with @Zapier ðÿ ¤â€". 10 plans and tips to begin

Take What You Get :: Personal Narrative Baseball Friendships Papers

Take What You Get I despised both my last day of school in Hopkinton and my first day of school in Sherborn. My mom drove me to my new school in our fresh out of the plastic new white Volvo station wagon. The ride from our home to the school appeared to be a lot shorter than it really was. Thinking back on it, whenever I’ve reluctantly voyaged some place, the vehicle ride appeared to be amazingly short. I recall the station wagon climbing the long, winding slope that prompted Pine Hill Elementary school. As I watched the trees and fields pass, I envisioned that the vehicle hadn’t passed by them. In my psyche, I was still back in my new trundle bed at home. My mother realized I was very nearly tears, and she was continually moving her hand to and fro between the car’s stick move and my knee. All the children are going to adore you, she stated, tapping my leg. Mrs. Smith is so eager to have you in her group. I couldn’t significantly marshal a reaction. I imagined Mrs. Smith driving me to stand up before the class, requesting that I tell the children my name and what I jumped at the chance to do. At that point I saw the children giggling when I separated in tears, unfit to offer them a response, or just mutter a couple of words about myself. I couldn’t even react to my own mom. Nectar, it’s alright to be apprehensive. Recall that I’ll pick you at 3:15. You don’t need to take the transport this evening. She left the vehicle and held my hand as we strolled up the means to the school’s entrance. I was wearing blue shorts, an awful decision since they were excessively short and uncovered my pale, pudgy legs. The stroll with the head and my mom down the long, void passages was what at last did it for me. I had been attempting my hardest to keep down the tears, driving myself to think about the day's end, when my mom would be hanging tight for me. Be that as it may, the study hall was getting excessively close. I could detect it by the manner in which the chief eased back his pace and floated to the correct side of the hallway. I felt the tears under my eyes, however I didn’t care enough to wipe them away with my arm. Welcome to Pine Hill, Mrs. Smith said.

The final stretch

The final stretch Were halfway through finals week. This semester, though, I lucked out on not having to take any once again. Last semester, I took all project-based classes. This semester, I have one class with an optional final, 6.034 Artificial Intelligence. The grading for this class is quite unique. We have 10 labs, 4 midterms each broken down to the Core section and the Spiritual/Right Now section. The final exam is there to provide an additional opportunity to improve your score on any section of one of the 4 midterms. I lucked out and squeezed a high enough grade on our fourth midterm that I dont need the take the final. For my other Course 6 class, 6.815 Digital and Computational Photography, we had our final project due last Wednesday on the last day of classes. We had the liberty to choose any topic or field to explore in the realm of computational photography, and I picked non-photorealistic rendering. The algorithm I implemented turned any photo into a brush-stroke painting depending on what type of paint brush was used. Fun stuff. But, the assignment and write-up was due at 21:00 sharp. At 20:50, I was putting last-minute touches to my write-up and cleaning up my code. At 20:55, I uploaded my work and the code crashed on the server. I panicked. Fortunately, the submission site did show the console logs, and there was something off about some of my print statements. I quickly commented them out, re-uploaded my code, and at 20:57, the code was still uploading. I panicked some more. For context, our assignments are due before the hour, sharp. Even one second after the hour, the assignment would be considered incomplete and graded with zero marks. At 20:58, the code finally uploaded and compiled. Another class down, one more assignment to go. Notes from one of the labs in 6.034 Artificial Intelligence A Non-photorealistic rendering of a pic of my familys puppers For my HASS class, 21M.734 Lighting Design, we had our final project presentations the week before, and our last assignment was a reflection write-up. I finished it the next day, and turned it in. My last assignment for Junior fall complete, Im free. No more finals, no more psets, no more classes. A Shot from my groups final presentation to a scene in Waiting for Godot Its felt quite anti-climatic to be done, a feeling that seems to repeat itself semester after semester. You turn in your last pset, present your final projects, complete your final exams. Youre done. You might celebrate a bit, go out with friends, treat yourself to a good nights sleep (read: crash after being sleep deprived for days). But theres nothing after that, at least not for a few weeks. And its a good thing. But at least for me, its hard to completely relax and resume to normalcy after the most intense and grueling final days of the semester. Since turning in my final assignment, Ive felt the need to study for a coming exam, start a next pset. But I dont. Its a funny feeling, really. With all my classes complete, I feel a bit aimless, no structure or regiment to follow, no one big objective to tackle next. It will take a few days before I can fully relax and clear my mind. Instead of flying home like I did last semester, I took a spontaneous trip to NYC with a friend to visit our friend, Class of 2017, for his birthday. We took the bus, which took almost 7 hours to navigate through rush-hour traffic and sleet conditions. We took a grand food tour of the city, walking over 25,000 steps in one day throughout the streets of Manhattan and window-shopped, sight-seeing, and eating at bakeries, cafes, and restaurants along the way. It was wonderful to be back in one of my favorite cities, celebrate the end of the semester, and just have fun. Pics from a grand food tour of Manhattan But this week, Im back in Boston, and for the rest of Winter Break, to train for my upcoming competition. Its given me some much-needed structure during my time off. Its still finals week for most of the MIT community, but for me, I am wrapping up the year in a different way. I have a laundry list of things to do before I leave for ETH Zurich next semester forms to fill out, meetings to set up, all my stuff to pack up. In the meantime, Im trying to cram in as much elementary German that I can before I leave for an IAP trip to Germany, and then Switzerland. More on that in the next one! Post Tagged #21M.734 Lighting Design #6.034 #6.815 #HASS subjects #photography

The Best Kind of Sex Education - 708 Words

There is much controversy over which form of sex education should be taught, comprehensive sex education, or abstinence-only sex education. The definition for comprehensive sex education is responsible and balanced sexuality education that seeks to assist young people in understanding a positive view of sexuality, provide them with information and skills about caring for their sexual health, and help them acquire skills to make decisions now and in the future. It is medically accurate and provides information about abstinence and contraceptives as tools to prevent unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. On the other hand, abstinence only sex education is a form of sex education that teaches abstinence from sex. This type of sex education promotes sexual abstinence until marriage and avoids discussion of use of contraceptives. Comprehensive sex education goes against some family morals and encourages teenagers to have sex. But abstinence only sex education does not tea ch students enough about sex or how to protect themselves from STDs and pregnancy. Comprehensive sex education should be mandatory in all of our nation’s schools. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, sex education was strongly effected by Victorian values. Sex education at that time taught that sexually transmitted diseases were the result of punishment for immoral behaviors. The discussion over what to teach children about sex in school occurred as early as 1912. In the 1950’s theShow MoreRelatedSingle-Sex Schools Benefits974 Words   |  4 PagesSingle-sex school s benefits In some countries single-sex schools is not provided and against the law. In 2002, only a dozen schools were separating sexes and this research is according to the National Association for Single Sex Public Education. Many parents believe that placing their child in single-sex schools give them sexual freedom. Students in single-sex school benefit more than those in co-education. It improves the behaviour, performance of the students, although boys and girlsRead MoreThe Elementary School Sex Education Debate Essay823 Words   |  4 PagesGrade School Sex Ed. 1 The Elementary School Sexual Education Debate Sara Vanbuskirk English Comp. 1 Professor Evans November 29, 2011 Grade School Sex Ed. 2 Abstract Controversy is rampant regarding the sexual education of grade school children. Some insist that it is prudent to educate children on this subject beginning as early as kindergarten. Others strongly disagree that earlier education has any effect at all on teen sex and pregnancy and, therefore, abstinence shouldRead MoreSex Education in the U.S. and Japan Essay1202 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen discussed for decades to decrease teenage pregnancy and sex related diseases. According to The National Campaign to prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy (2013), the U.S. has the highest rate of teenage pregnancy among developed countries, and about sixty eight girls per thousand became pregnant in 2008. To change this situation, the U.S. provides two kinds of sex education: abstinence-only sex education and comprehensive sex education. In contrast, Japan has one of the lowest rates among developedRead MoreShould Sex Education Be Legal?1680 Words   |  7 PagesSex: the elephant in the room no one likes to talk about. It is a natural act humans have done for years but also a taboo to show or acknowledge. Sex, despite being taboo, is omnipresent. It is present in discussions of God, television, dating, and other areas, all of which have played a role into my understanding of sex and sexuality. However, public education has ultimately been the main factor in maintaining my personal safe sex life. Many parents debate whether sex education should remain inRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy And Condom Use1459 Words   |  6 PagesRogerian essay Teenage pregnancy and condom use Teenage pregnancy and condom use are one of the greatest debated and an issue that people cannot seem to agree on. While some parties feel that giving teenagers’ sex education starting from an early age will go a long way in helping curb teenage pregnancies, others feel that this only accelerates the rate at which teenagers are getting pregnant with the constant exposure to information that they use wrongly. The main concern in this topic is how toRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy Essays1358 Words   |  6 Pagesand attention that they deserve, but the Republican platform of abstinence-only education leaves too much to chance and sets young people up for failure. On the other hand, Marian Wright Edelman points out in her article Teen Pregnancy in America Today that everyone - both liberals and conservatives should be able to agree that it is in everyone’s best interest when teenagers wait before making the decision to have sex, which could result in unplanned pregnancies. She points out that it is everyone’sRead MoreDana Hall Co-Educational .Doc937 Words   |  4 Pagesembrace co-education as opposed to single-sex education for their all girl boarding school? Right now it appears that given how strong some of the individuals in leadership feel as well as the teachers of the school that Dana Hall should remain a single-sex educational system. Elaine Betts must submit to the mission review committee the pros and cons of the issue so they can make a solid decision based on all the facts. What follows are the results of her research. Claims for Single-Sex Education Read MoreSociety Divided By Sexual Education Program Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pagesbecame pregnant, leading to high rates of school dropouts and increasing poverty in certain areas of the country. In her article â€Å"Society Divided by Sexual Education Program,† journalist Rosalia Simmons exposes the different perspectives the Panamanian society has regarding the law 61, which consists of the implementation of a sexual education subject in the curriculum of all the schools in Panama, whose main target is students from age 5 to 18 (Simmons). Thousands of people protested all throughoutRead MoreInfanticide And Single Sex Education1284 Words   |  6 PagesCoeducation and single-sex education are both extensively used around the world. By the 1980s, more and more schools which only severed male or female became coed. Even though, many parents still send their kids to only men school or only women school now days. Then why would some people choo se a only men or only women school? Is it against the â€Å"gender equality†? In the early civilizations, education was informally and it was primarily households. As time passed, people began to get educated moreRead MoreSex Education Is The Teaching Of Issues1048 Words   |  5 PagesSex education is the teaching of issues relating to human sexuality and behavior, including anatomy, reproduction, health relationships, responsibilities, abstinence, and birth control. This information can be taught by parents or guardians, provided by school programs or public health organizations and campaigns. Sex education also develops young people s skills so that they can make the most informed choices when it comes to their behavior, and feel confident enough and competent about acting

Civil War in Literature and Film - 1212 Words

BGS 3996-The American Civil War in Literature and Film Fall 2013 Final Paper December 7, 2013 BGS 3996-The American Civil War Final Paper The American Civil War was a dark time in our nation’s history, but as with most events in history, there are both positive and negative aspects and conclusions to be drawn from this war. How someone views the positives vs. negatives is going to vary based on what side of the war they find themselves agreeing with and supporting. If your family had strong southern ties, what you view as a negative is likely to be seen as positive to someone from the northern states. This would especially be true when looking at the war from a â€Å"costs of war† perspective; it is arguable that the South lost much,†¦show more content†¦The South however had nowhere near the same development, which severely crippled their ability to move goods and people during the war. The telegraph was another part of the infrastructure that the North was able to facilitate, which led to communications abilities that had never before been available. Infrastructures weren’t the only tec hnological advances seen during the Civil War, more advanced weapons and the use of the first submarine by the U. S. Navy were also realized during this war. Perhaps the greatest outcome to the Civil War was the fact that in the end, this country stayed together and didn’t break apart to form two separate nations. Although most of the destruction took place in the South, the Northern states were able to assist with rebuilding after the war was over, Lincoln made sure that there were designs in place to return the South to normal as soon as possible following the end of the war, unfortunately he wasn’t around to make sure that it happened as planned. Because of this a lot of different opinions on how Reconstruction should proceed were brought forth, and it ended up being a long uphill battle, but nonetheless, the South was rebuilt. Given all of the costs and disadvantages versus the advantages and few good things to come out of the Civil War, I can undoubtedly sayShow M oreRelatedEssay on The Killer Angels by Michael Sharra1446 Words   |  6 Pagesduring the Civil War. Initially intended as a TV mini series, Gettysburg was produced as a full-length feature film. The film glorifies Union and Confederate soldiers in the historic bloodbath of Gettysburg. The film enables viewers to experience a first hand account of the spirit and battleground of the four-day battle. This permits for a more personalized account of the war. As viewers, we must keep in mind that the film is based off a fictitious book. What that means, is that the film should notRead MoreCivil War702 Words   |  3 PagesConfederates reunion in New Orleans, 1903The Civil War is one of the central events in Americas collective memory. There are innumerable statues, commemorations, books and archival collections. The memory includes the home front, military affairs, the treatment of soldiers, both living and dead, in the wars aftermath, depictions of the war in literature and art, eva luations of heroes and villains, and considerations of the moral and political lessons of the war.[247] The last theme includes moral evaluationsRead MoreThe Student Union Development in 1960s and 1970s Essay742 Words   |  3 Pagesthe 1960s the USA was benefiting from post war affluence. People had more money because their wages had increased. This meant that parents were able to give their children pocket-money. Children were then able to spend this money on the things that were available at the time. These were things like going to the cinema. In the cinema they could see films made by Hollywood about daredevil young men living on the edge. The films gave the impression it was good to live forRead MoreTHE FORGOTTEN HISTORY OF THE WESTERN CINEMA1400 Words   |  6 PagesTHE FORGOTTEN HISTORY OF THE WESTERN CINEMA The western movies are film genre where the scene generally takes place in North America during the American conquest of the West in the last decades of the nineteenth century. This genre appears since the invention of the cinema in 1985 finding its inspiration from literature and painting arts of the American Wild West. This genre reached its first success in the mid-twentieth century during the golden age of Hollywood studios, before it had being reinventedRead MoreThe Reality Of War By Ambrose Bierce1254 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Reality of War† Death; destruction; crawling, bloody men without jaws; and a child in the middle of it is just a glimpse of the grotesque short narrative â€Å"Chickamauga† by Ambrose Bierce. Chickamauga Creek is an area near Chattanooga, Tennessee and northwestern Georgia, plagued by war, suffering, and bloodshed from the Civil War (Bohannon). Bierce served in the Union Army during the American Civil War (Campbell). Many Americans then, and today, romanticize war with glory, heroism, and patriotismRead More The Harlem Renaissance Essay1145 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican culture flourished, especially in areas such as music, art, literature, dance, and even in film. This soon became known as the Harlem Renaissance. With the entire positive and the negative situations of this time period the African Americans still seemed to have it all. The Harlem Renaissance came about because of the changes that had taken place in the African American community after the abolition of slavery because of Worl d War I and the social and cultural changes in early 20th century inRead MoreDiction And Reflection In Literature769 Words   |  4 PagesDuring this course, I acquired a sizable list of skills regarding literature and government. First, I learned the many symbols and themes of novels by reading How to Read Literature Like a Professor at the beginning of the course. Additionally, while reading Things Fall Apart, I learned about the fragility and danger of male masculinity, as well as how to recognize underlying messages in the way an author uses tone, diction, and omission. Furthermore, during the government and economics part ofRead MoreChild Soldier As A Victim Of Warfare1354 Words   |  6 Pagessoldier literature is, for someone amateur first-hand in atrocity, to be humbled. For such a reader inescapably bestows moral authority to those authors prematurely enlist to fight in hostilities, or who dare mention a fictional demonstration of the same. A sterling similarity which wi ll be noticed at once we go through all these three pieces of works is their dealing with child soldiers. Portraying child soldiers as a victim of warfare is a common phenomenon in recent African fiction and film. ThroughRead MoreThe Events Between 1939-1945 Became A Prominent Features Of The British World War1744 Words   |  7 PagesAs Europe dealt with the weight of memory left behind by the Second World War, it was apparent that the events between 1939-1945 became a prominent feature of the British psyche. Since 1945 Anglo-German relations have for the most part been civil on a political platform, yet on a broader scale perceptions of Germany have been dominated by images of the Second World War and Germany’s Nazi past. Television, alongside with other forms of popular culture offer an insight into this British obsession.Read MoreInfluences on Stephen Cranes The Red Badge of Courage1445 Words   |  6 Pagessources of knowledge, which ultimately affects the impact they have on the world. Stephen Crane was greatly impacted by the time period in which he lived. One such influence was the popular literary style of Realism. Realism is the trend in which literature is based on the true nature of everyday occurrences devoid of any fantasy or romance. It is the raw depiction of what life and society is actually like. This literary style can be found in many of Stephen Crane’s novels. Religion also had a significant

Talk On Diabetes Free Essays

The views, opinions and data expressed here are for educational purposes only, and do not warrant the opinions of Talkativeness Please read the disclaimer first before continuing. Select a page Alexander tech n Sarsaparilla (also spelled sarsaparilla or spiritual) is a beanlike woody plant that’s indigenous to the Central and South America rain forests, Mexico, various parts of Australia, the Caribbean, Jamaica and Southeast Asia. Central and South American tribes used sarsaparilla to treat various skin conditions, rheumatism, ere sexual impotence and increase energy. We will write a custom essay sample on Talk On Diabetes or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Alexander etc way of learning ho get rid of harmful your body Listen to or Description of the Technique. The use of sarsaparilla in herbal medicine practices gained popularity in the 16th century, after it was brought from Mexico to Europe. European doctors believed the plant had diuretic and purifying pope r and could serve as a cure for sexually transmitted diseases. How to cite Talk On Diabetes, Papers

My ACL OWW!! free essay sample

Summer is supposed to be a happy time. But—for me—it was heartbreak and agony. Summer league basketball game changed my summer. And my life. Forever. POP. My ACL was torn and I knew it. Right away. As I looked into the crowd, limping off the court, I saw my parents’ faces. They had heartbreak on their faces. As soon as the doctor gave us the verdict about the tear—â€Å"Your ACL is torn and you will be out of sports for nine months†Ã¢â‚¬â€I knew my summer was over and the heartbreak set in. Surgery was scheduled a month later†¦I had never had surgery before and didn’t know what to expect. As I sat in the hospital waiting I thought, What if my muscles don’t except the surgery? What if my heart stops? How much will my mom be worrying while I’m in surgery? After surgery, I had physical therapy for weeks and a nine month recovery ahead of me. We will write a custom essay sample on My ACL OWW!! or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Physical therapy showed my true character because I was willing to fight through pain and disappointment. It was a struggle every day and I knew the more I worked at it, the faster recovery I would have. My doctor didn’t allow me to participate in any physical activity for nine months, which for me felt like an eternity. In that nine month span I had decided to quit playing competitive basketball for good and that I would focus on my favorite sport†¦golf. Golf was my true passion in life and I knew that if I worked hard enough I could succeed. When I quit basketball and focused on golf, I found reward in a collegiate scholarship. This was a huge deal for my family and I. Everyone was excited and happy that I had reached my final goal of a collegiate scholarship.

A Comparison of Ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian Societies free essay sample

Although Egypt and Mesopotamia were both early agricultural societies built upon the water provided by the major rivers which sustained them, they exhibited important differences as a consequence of the different physical environments in which they developed. In this paper I will first focus on what I consider to be the major aspects of these differences in environment and then explore the consequences of these differences in their religious beliefs, political organization and commercial practices. A major difference in physical environment between these ancient societies was the seasonal river flows on which they depended for farming. The Nile which supported early Egyptian civilization was characterized by predictable and annual flooding in the early fall. These floods occurred after crops were harvested. This pattern was a consequence of the regular late summer monsoon rains which fell at its headwaters. The Nile also possessed a large spreading delta area that gave rise to natural irrigation canals that would flood the areas between them with fertile nutrients for the next planting year. We will write a custom essay sample on A Comparison of Ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian Societies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Tigris and Euphrates rivers which supported the Mesopotamian society would typically flood in the late spring just when crops would be ripening, often with disastrous results on harvests. This pattern was a result of these waters originating from winter snow melt in the Anatolian mountains (now in present day Turkey) where these rivers originated. These floods sometimes caused the rivers to change their course abruptly cutting off fields from water. Another primary physical difference contributing to cultural differences was the relative isolation in which ancient Egypt developed compared to Mesopotamia. According to our text book ‘Egypt’s natural isolation and material self-sufficiency fostered a unique culture that for long periods of time had relatively little to do with other civilizations’. In contrast, Mesopotamia was open to migration or invasion and was dependent on imported resources. Also many different ethnic peoples contributed to the growth of Mesopotamian society. The religious beliefs of Egypt and Mesopotamia were influenced by many factors. The rivers, every day objects, and the beliefs of the people. In Egypt in contrast to Mesopotamia the Pharaoh was considered to be a god in addition to being the supreme ruler. He was the main god of their religion. In Egypt people praised their gods for the annual flooding of the Nile. However in Mesopotamia the people were frightened of their gods because ‘the gods could alter the landscape’ arbitrarily. In return they gave their gods gifts in hopes of appeasing them. In both of the civilizations religion was polytheistic, i. e. , having many gods. The political organization of Egypt was based on the central authority of the Pharaoh. Since he was the embodied form of a god, he was the law. He chose where the capitol would be located, such a Thebes, Memphis, etc. Although smaller cities existed in ancient Egypt the majority of Egyptians appeared to live in small farming villages. In contrast, Mesopotamia was built around a number of independent city states surrounded by farming villages. Many of these cities competed with each other or even warred with each other to become a dominant center of power. No uniform basis for law or justice existed in this decentralized environment until Hammurabi succeeded in becoming the first king of Babylon and established the Babylonian Empire with control over all of Mesopotamia. He created a law code of which may copies were made. These inscribed tablets were sent to the different clans of Mesopotamia and became a basis for a uniform legal system, including classification of the people living under his dominion The commercial activities in Mesopotamia were quite extensive as a result of the requirement to develop trading relationships between the different city states and other regions to obtain needed resources. This resulted in the development of a merchant class in the urban centers unlike the situation in Egypt. Trade was based on bartering rather than money. Goods traded included wood, metals, and stone in exchange for wool, cloth, barley, and vegetable oil. These practices required the development of the skills needed for acquiring, transporting, and protecting valuable commodities. According to our textbook, independent merchants and merchant guilds had gained considerable influence in Mesopotamian society by the second 2000 BC. A Comparison of Ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian Societies free essay sample Although Egypt and Mesopotamia were both early agricultural societies built upon the water provided by the major rivers which sustained them, they exhibited important differences as a consequence of the different physical environments in which they developed. In this paper I will first focus on what I consider to be the major aspects of these differences in environment and then explore the consequences of these differences in their religious beliefs, political organization and commercial practices. A major difference in physical environment between these ancient societies was the seasonal river flows on which they depended for farming. The Nile which supported early Egyptian civilization was characterized by predictable and annual flooding in the early fall. These floods occurred after crops were harvested. This pattern was a consequence of the regular late summer monsoon rains which fell at its headwaters. The Nile also possessed a large spreading delta area that gave rise to natural irrigation canals that would flood the areas between them with fertile nutrients for the next planting year. We will write a custom essay sample on A Comparison of Ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian Societies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Tigris and Euphrates rivers which supported the Mesopotamian society would typically flood in the late spring just when crops would be ripening, often with disastrous results on harvests. This pattern was a result of these waters originating from winter snow melt in the Anatolian mountains (now in present day Turkey) where these rivers originated. These floods sometimes caused the rivers to change their course abruptly cutting off fields from water. Another primary physical difference contributing to cultural differences was the relative isolation in which ancient Egypt developed compared to Mesopotamia. According to our text book ‘Egypt’s natural isolation and material self-sufficiency fostered a unique culture that for long periods of time had relatively little to do with other civilizations’. In contrast, Mesopotamia was open to migration or invasion and was dependent on imported resources. Also many different ethnic peoples contributed to the growth of Mesopotamian society. The religious beliefs of Egypt and Mesopotamia were influenced by many factors. The rivers, every day objects, and the beliefs of the people. In Egypt in contrast to Mesopotamia the Pharaoh was considered to be a god in addition to being the supreme ruler. He was the main god of their religion. In Egypt people praised their gods for the annual flooding of the Nile. However in Mesopotamia the people were frightened of their gods because ‘the gods could alter the landscape’ arbitrarily. In return they gave their gods gifts in hopes of appeasing them. In both of the civilizations religion was polytheistic, i. e. , having many gods. The political organization of Egypt was based on the central authority of the Pharaoh. Since he was the embodied form of a god, he was the law. He chose where the capitol would be located, such a Thebes, Memphis, etc. Although smaller cities existed in ancient Egypt the majority of Egyptians appeared to live in small farming villages. In contrast, Mesopotamia was built around a number of independent city states surrounded by farming villages. Many of these cities competed with each other or even warred with each other to become a dominant center of power. No uniform basis for law or justice existed in this decentralized environment until Hammurabi succeeded in becoming the first king of Babylon and established the Babylonian Empire with control over all of Mesopotamia. He created a law code of which may copies were made. These inscribed tablets were sent to the different clans of Mesopotamia and became a basis for a uniform legal system, including classification of the people living under his dominion The commercial activities in Mesopotamia were quite extensive as a result of the requirement to develop trading relationships between the different city states and other regions to obtain needed resources. This resulted in the development of a merchant class in the urban centers unlike the situation in Egypt. Trade was based on bartering rather than money. Goods traded included wood, metals, and stone in exchange for wool, cloth, barley, and vegetable oil. These practices required the development of the skills needed for acquiring, transporting, and protecting valuable commodities. According to our textbook, independent merchants and merchant guilds had gained considerable influence in Mesopotamian society by the second 2000 BC.

Using the theory of fiscal federalism Essay Example

Using the theory of fiscal federalism Essay Example Using the theory of fiscal federalism Essay Using the theory of fiscal federalism Essay Essay Topic: Economics There is much economic literature and debate concerning the classic trade-off between a centralized versus decentralized system of local public good provision. The standard problem goes as follows. Most economies around the world are made up of geographically discrete areas. An obvious example is America, which is composed of distinct states, which are often even completely geographically isolated from the whole (Alaska, Hawaii). Each local area has a local public good, the provision of which benefits the local society. However, public goods often have a spillover effect to other districts, in which case, there are benefits accruing to wider society. The subsequent question is that given the existence of benefits to both local and general society, is it more efficient to have a centralized or decentralized system of decision-making and/or financing? The standard approach to the problem of public good provision assumes that in a centralized system, the government will adopt a standardized level of spending for each area. This is in essence a one size fits all result that doesnt show an appreciation of different local requirements. However, while a decentralized system will be able to respond to heterogeneous local needs, local governments will neglect the wider benefits, which accrue citizens and areas beyond their jurisdiction. Drawing on these assumptions, Oates Decentralization Theorem states that in the absence of spillovers a decentralized system is more efficient. Otherwise, Oates claims there will be a trade-off between the extent of heterogeneity in tastes and the degree of spillovers. 1 However, the argument for a decentralized system relies on the assumption that only a decentralized system will cater for local preferences. In fact, while decentralization may be more effective at tailoring public goods to local requirements, a centralized system in no way implies uniformity of provision across districts. This logic is neither theoretically, or indeed empirically satisfactory. From a theoretical standpoint it is unclear, Besley and Coates question why it must be the case that a government charged with providing public goods in a centralized system cannot differentiate the levels according to the heterogeneous tastes in each district. 3 An empirical example of centralized differentiation of public good provision is that of federal highway spending in the United States. In the Federal Highway Aid Program a significant proportion of resources have been dedicated to specific projects in the legislators districts. Furthermore, Besley and Coates argue that the general spending formula has been manipulated to target spending to particular favored states. 4 Therefore, I believe that Oates Decentralization Theorem is flawed. A decentralized system may well be preferred as a more efficient arrangement to tailor goods to local needs, but this is not a clear-cut argument, and hence it is difficult and controversial to argue for decentralization solely on this basis. In fact, given that the standard approach is based on a trade-off between non-uniformity (decentralized output) versus spillovers (centralized output), once the constraint that central governments always choose uniform levels of public spending across districts is relaxed, the standard approach suggests that a centralized system will always be preferred. However there is a different case for a decentralized system of provision of local goods, which is based on the theory of fiscal federalism. The argument in this case goes as follows. In a centralized system, local public spending costs are shared creating a conflict of interest between citizens in different areas. When spending decisions are taken by a legislature of locally elected representatives, the conflict of interest for resources will take place in the legislature. Thus, Besley and Coates argue, the drawbacks of centralization stem from the basic conflict of interest among citizens of different districts working through the decision-making process. 5 Spending decisions in the legislator will be determined by a minimum winning coalition of representative, which can creates two major resource allocation problems. Firstly, there will be a misallocation of resources as spending will be skewed towards those areas who have representatives in the winning coalition. Secondly, uncertainty about the makeup of the winning coalition will mean districts are unsure of the amount of public good it will receive. Even if the legislature is committed to maximising the surplus of all its members, this would not necessarily be sufficient to achieve surplus maximizing results, as there would be an incentive for voters to elect representatives which high demand for public spending, and hence lead to overprovision. Hence, Besley and Coates say that: if decisions on local public goods are made by a minimum winning coalition of representatives, the allocation of public goods may be characterized by uncertainty and misallocation across districts. If decisions are made in a more cooperative way, then strategic delegation via elections may produce excessive public spending. 6 The drawbacks of a centralized system stemming from conflicting interests over shared costs might suggest a completely decentralized system whereby decisions are made solely by local government and financed from local taxation. However, as with the standard approach, the drawbacks of the centralized system must be weighed against the benefits of improved coordination of spillovers. If interests are fairly homogenous and spillovers high then a centralized system will produce good results regardless of how the legislature is constituted. This leads Besley and Coates to conclude that, the desiderata determining whether decentralization of centralization is best are the same as under the standard approach. However, the logic is different. 7 So how does this argument relate to the empirical example of the European Union? Unions such as the EU are collectives of nations that jointly decide on the provision of certain supranational goods (such as traditional public goods like defence or legal and regulatory frameworks), which will affect and benefit all members. In a multi country union, some competences are taken away from national control and decided instead at union level. The process of European integration has become far-reaching and quickened in pace. However, Gordon Brown says that the EU must abandon old flawed assumptions that a single market should lead inexorably to fiscal federalism. 8 What is the case for keeping decentralized provision of local public goods or for greater integration in the form of a centralized system of public good provision? The case of centralized system of provision of local public goods rests fundamentally on the trade-off between the internalisation of externalities and the costs of heterogeneity. On the one hand, even when looking at the difficulties that accompany reaching compromises and solutions at EU summits, there is little debate that median preferences in EU member states vary considerably. The efficient level of output of a public good will typically vary from one local jurisdiction to another. Furthermore, there is a worry that coordination of fiscal measures will result in an increase in tax rates in all jurisdictions. However, if the union centralizes to little, it runs the risk of not benefit from externalities, which were a key motivation in the creation of a union and the purpose of attending summits. Two main areas of externality proposed in the fiscal federalism literature are firstly equalisation of welfare across countries, especially targeted at poor relief. And secondly at macroeconomic stabilization. In the case of poor relief, sub-central government will be considerably constrained by the potential mobility of the poor and crucially the tax base. Oates says that this is a basic fiscal externality that results in sub optional levels of support under a purely decentralized system of poor relief. 10 In terms of macroeconomic stabilization, the central government is in a position to influence overall levels of aggregate demand and through tax revenue and transfer payments can respond to changes in the macro-economy. However, the present picture is one where, according to Oates, the central government is not well equipped to take a leading role in addressing Musgravess redistribution and stabilization functions. 11 One response would be to enlarge central government powers, but Oates says that the costs of overall public expansion in the public sector would outweigh the benefits. Instead there is a strong case for decentralization to promote inter-jurisdictional competition to limit growth of public sector on encroaching on the private sector. At the moment, it seems to me that there is too much heterogeneity amongst the European nations, which outweighs externality gains. The integration of Europe has been relatively fast and I believe it will take a longer period for homogeneity of interests across the Union to come about, especially given the integration of the young market economies of Eastern Europe who are lagging behind in economic development. Furthermore, concerning Besley and Coates legislature worries, the EU seems to be dominated by the more powerful countries. For example, amongst the net beneficiaries of CAP (common agricultural policy) are some of the richest countries in the EU. A centralized system of provision of public goods in the EU might suffer from similar problems of a skewing of resources to favour the dominant coalition in the legislature. It seems to me, that the European Union is not yet ready for fiscal federalism.

Learning Statement -this paper is for The Aboriginal Peoples of Canada Essay

Learning Statement -this paper is for The Aboriginal Peoples of Canada class ( First Nation course) - Essay Example Due to the interest that I had in the course and my eagerness to learn more, I always strived to grasp everything that was taught and to also study on my own so that I could be able to grasp everything I could possibly get. This allowed me to appreciate the traditional Canada and the manner it has transformed over the years. I developed a lot of interest in this course, right from the beginning, when the various topics that we were to study were introduced. The main reason as to why I had lots of interest in this course is due to the fact that it is a course that gave me an opportunity to understand Canada and the various historical aspects of the Canadian society. This was made possible through the studying of several topics that are associated to the antiquity of the Canadian society. Some of the topic that were studied in this course that were interesting included study of the original inhabitants of the land, settling of foreigners in Canada, emergence of conflicts among the traditional Canadian societies, the conflicts with the foreigners, mediation that led to the settling of the issues that had been raised and the reemergence of self-governance (Dickason & Newbigging, 2010). This course covered various aspects of the society that included human population issues, social cultural factors in Canada and the economic aspects of the traditional Canadian community and society. This is in addition to looking at the various systems that existed in the traditional Canadian society and the transformation of the society and the systems. The topic that best fascinated me in this class is the topic on the aboriginal healing movement. The major reason why this topic was so much of interest to me is due to the fact that it demonstrated how the conflict that had been experienced in the Canadian community was solved through reconciliation. This in turn transformed conflicts into peace and allowed various communities to live together. Aboriginal healing

Economics of housing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Economics of housing - Essay Example The two main historic junction points that can be identified are in the years of 1915-1919 and also in the year 1979. Occupation of ownership as well as social housing amplified their comparative size in the period of 1915 to 1979. At the same time the private renting contracted drastically. After 1979 till the early phases of 2000 owner occupation augmented at the cost of social housing. Since the year 1995 the comparative size of the private rented sector began to take the steep rising curve. The trends in tenure can be accounted to be the combination of political, economic as well as social drivers that played their role in the short and in the long run. Political transformations like supports from the local government and Rights to Buy interacted with the cycles of the economy to bring changes in attitudes to different tenures. The current trends suggest a mix in tenure of the housing system of UK. For the first time the comparative size of the owner occupied sector took the decl ining curve while at the same time the private rented sector took the oppositely sloping curve. The reason for such a drift may be the supreme numeral of households in owner occupation while the social rented sector remained stable. In the phase of 2005 to 2009 the number of households in the private rented sector augmented by more than one million households. ... If the recent trends sustain in 2013 then the private sector is expected to be larger than the social rented sector. Forecasts also point to the fact that by the end of the decade one in every five households would be private renters. The forecasting trends are based on the continuation of the recent trends. The figures point towards quick changes in tenure mix but the figures do not state how quickly the changes would take place. The key drivers that forced the recent changes in tenure mix are depicted in the diagram below: (Pattison, Diacon and Vine, 2010, p. 5). The three pillars taken in the diagram are owner occupation, private rented sector as well as social housing. The panel above the key drivers are regarded to be the drivers that act to increase the relative size while the panel below the drivers act to decrease the relative size. The structures above the pillar of owner occupation are tax advantages relative to other tenures, political support, preferred tenure and the Rig ht to Buy sales. The structures above the pillar of private rented sector are affordability relative to owner occupation, lifestyle changes increasing desire for mobility. The structures above the social housing pillar are financial stability, demand for social housing. The structures below the pillar of owner occupation are income constraints, wealth constraints and mortgage constraints. The structures below private rented sector are investment constraints, lack of political support, and tax incentive relative to owner occupation. The structures below social housing are Right to Buy sales and pressure on government spending. Question (ii) The report published by the HomeOwners Alliance states the owner occupation in UK is set to go below

The principles of Quick Response Manufacturing

The principles of Quick Response Manufacturing Abstract Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM) is a strategy which needs to applied throughout the company and whose primary goal is the reduction of lead-time in each and every operation of the company while simultaneously reducing costs and improving quality.  [1]  QRM can be defined in two contexts: (i) Externally (Customers point of view): QRM means quickly responding to customer needs by designing and producing goods customized to cater those needs. (ii) Internally, QRM stresses on reducing the lead times throughout the organization, leading to lower inventory, better quality, reduced cost, and greater responsiveness. QRM uses Manufacturing Critical-path Time (MCT) as the metric for measuring the success of QRM processes. MCT is an extension of the concept of lead-time, which is the time from the receipt of order from the customer till the product is delivered to the customer. There are 2 ways of implementing QRM: one is using large breakthrough improvements and the other is through continuous improvements. QRM was developed by Rajan Suri, a Professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, who is famous for his works on continuous improvement programs. He not only gave the theory but also the practical ways by which QRM could be successfully applied and integrated in the operations of the company. QRM is basically an extension of Time based Competition (TBC), which was a strategy used by Japanese firms in the 1980s. TBCs philosophy is to use speed to gain competitive advantage. QRM is more particular as it is restricted to manufacturing firms only. QRM finds its first foray in history in 1993 with the foundation of the Center for Quick Response Manufacturing at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.  [2]  In 1995, Rajan Suri published the article Slaying the Beast which put forth some bad policies which were prevalent in manufacturing companies and also offered explanations for the same. This helped QRM gain a lot of recognition and importance.1 The positive response spurred Dr. Suri to continue working on this subject and this further led to his consulting businesses in implementing QRM and successfully applying the same in many companies. Since then, the Center for QRM has helped in applying QRM in nearly 180 companies resulting in reduced lead times and increased market shares.2 QRM Principles Its not necessary to work harder, faster and longer hours to complete job earlier. One can focus on finding new ways to complete a job that takes lower time. Most of the time a job spends in a queue instead of in process and traditional approach only look to reduce processing time (touch time) and in QRM focus is on lead-time (total elapsed time) and not just processing time. Out of total lead-time 34 days only 19.5 hours is a touch time so it makes sense that we should focus on whole 34 days. But generally organizations are not designed to focus on lead-time. Mainly because organizations dont recognize the cost of waiting they mainly focus on processing time like one need to reduce batch sizes to reduce waiting time but it will increase number of setups that will increase their processing time which is mostly opposing to company goals. So, Companies need to change their accounting systems and reward systems so that benefits of reduction in lead-time can be measured and rewarded appropriately. Table 1: Examples of Organizational Waste Due to Long Lead Times Expediting of hot jobs or late orders: Requires Systems, Air Freight, People, even Top Management time à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Production Meetings required to change and update priorities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Overtime costs for trying to speed up late jobs à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Time spent by Sales, Planning, and other Departments to develop and update forecasts à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ WIP and Finished Goods holding costs, including space à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Obsolescence of parts made to forecast but not used à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Quality problems not detected till much later; lots of rework or scrap à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Opportunity for: Order changes or even cancellations Feature and scope creep Loss of sales to competition à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Sales time devoted to expediting and explaining delays to customer à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Complex systems required to manage the dynamic environment There is one major problem with cost based systems that hinders QRM implementation that is functional structure of an organization. Looking the figure one can see how organizations fell into vicious circle by delaying regular jobs because of hot jobs and then again increase in hot jobs due to insertion of safety time due to delay in regular jobs. This is also called response time spiral. And so the spiral grows. QRM focus on reducing system in time like we do in service industry but this will require substantial reorganization of most of the processes. Basically, we will end up with cellular organizations in shop floor and also in offices and each cell will focus on its customers. The POLCA material control system helps coordinate production across multiple cells. Also, new operating methods such as time slicing are described, to help cells share non-cell resources. This principle is hard to digest as we believe that we should utilize capacity to its maximum possible value. Any reduction in the same would mean losing out on productive opportunities, resulting in increasing costs. However, by keeping all the machines busy at tall times does not necessarily transform into higher output or higher productivity. We frequently encounter the problems of growing queues due to the presence of a few bottleneck machines and jobs spending a lot of time waiting for resources due to mismanagement. All this ultimately results in increasing the lead time of the jobs which culminates in the increase of the organizational costs, which have been enlisted in the previous table. In the long run, these costs actually prove to be greater than the opportunity costs of not utilizing the spare capacity. Hence, the spare capacity should be considered as a strategic investment that will pay for itself many times over in increased sales, higher quality, and lower total cost s. This is again a measure which is very hard to digest. We always measure the usefulness of any process through its efficiency and utilization. However, the problem with the traditional belief is not that efficiency is not an important measure, but that most measures of efficiency result in increased lead time which ultimately harms the organization. Large batches are used in a lot of companies in a bid to reduce the setup costs. However this very measure results in increasing the lead time which can culminate in the same problems as enlisted in the previous principle. There are numerous examples to show the scope of reduction of lead time in organizations, a prominent one being the case study in Becker (2001) which showed how lead time for a line of spare parts for the oil drilling industry dropped from 40 days to 5 days using reduction of lead time as the main performance measure in a manufacturing cell. QRM says that the quantities as calculated by EOQ are not appropriate and consistent with the goal of reducing lead time as EOQ doesnt consider many costs of large lots like expediting of late orders, overtime cost for trying to speed up late jobs, WIP holding costs including space. Also quality problems are detected much later than with small lots and the amount of rework and scrap generated is also much larger. At the same time, another important point which is missed in EOQ is the lack of responsiveness which occurs when the process is carried out with large lots. Large lots and planning for the same makes it difficult for the organization to respond quickly to change in customer needs. Nor can good lot sizes for QRM be predicted by the MRP system, since it assumes fixed queue times regardless of workload. Hence, in order to reduce the lead times throughout the organization, it is important for everyone in a manufacturing firm, and especially for senior managers, to understand the dynamics of factory operations. The senior managers need to have a broad outlook and decide on the policies of manufacturing and performance measures only after fully understanding the effects of capacity utilization, efficiency measures, and lot sizing policies on lead time. Figure 3. Traditional Versus QRM Views of Capacity and Lot Sizing Source: QRM and POLCA:A Winning Combination forManufacturing Enterprises in the 21st Century Rajan Suri The differences between the traditional and QRM views can be observed from the figure given above. Traditional performance measures of utilization and efficiency encourage managers to exploit their resources to the maximum possible value. Production is considered infeasible only when the capacity utilization exceeds their maximize resource utilization, and only think about their capacity limit as a boundary between feasible and infeasible production targets. Also the perception is that larger lot sizes lead to increase in efficiency. However, QRMs focus is solely on reducing lead time, and hence the impact of utilization and lot size on the same is studied. Higher utilization leads to increase in lead time, whereas lead time first decreases and then increases with increase in lot size. It is essential to consider all such manufacturing dynamics in order to come up with a process that minimizes the lead time and thereby costs. According to QRM on-time performance is an outcome not a performance measure. Because if on time is considered as performance measure departments will quote longer lead-time to match up with on-time delivery. Again this will result in Response time spiral and results in poor performance of organization. But with QRM, organization will focus on shortening lead-time as a performance measure. In QRM its called QRM Number (measure of lead time reduction). This will eliminates Response Time Spiral and performance of organization will improve. For example see Table 2. MRP systems are of great help in managing material supply and ordering but lead-time cannot be reduced using MRP. MRP should be used on high level planning and coordination not on cell level in a cellular structure implemented by QRM, whereas POLCO can be used to manage material between cells and inside cells. POLCO basically a hybrid of push and pull systems using benefits of both. This phenomena can be again seen as entering in Response Time Spiral in which if company buys in large batches this makes supplier to have longer lead time and company to order even larger batches. Internal and external incentives like discounts motivate ordering in large batches. The results this can be verified in John Deere where implementation of QRM with suppliers reduced cost and also improved quality with shorter lead-time and batches. Not only at the supply side, the small lot concept needs to be applied at the distribution end too. Normally it is the tendency of the sales force to get higher orders by offering quantity discounts. This will again lead to the spiral of increasing lot sizes, both during the process as well as on the procurement side, ultimately leading to lowering of delivery performance. By implementing QRM, a company can reduce its costs manifold which can then be passed on to the customers. There is a need to demonstrate to the customer that the company can deliver high quality at low prices even for small lots, which would be more beneficial both to the company as well as the customer. Thus, the idea of small lots percolates throughout the organization, from top to bottom, as well as throughout the supply chain, from supplier to customer. The traditional approach might result in local quality improvements in the respective departments. However, QRM is more concerned with the overall organization than just one department. The requirement is to cut the overall lead time for manufacturing as well as office operations for which Q-ROCs are more appropriate. Such Q-ROCs result in significant reduction of lead times for jobs such as cost estimating, quoting, and order processing. Closed-loop implies that the team would be self-sufficient in dealing with all the problems related to reducing lead time. This implies cutting across functional boundaries and changing the reporting structures to ensure the success of the process. Needless to say, this team needs to be given power in order to make the decisions as reducing lead time is the primary goal of the organization. The best example would be that of Ingersoll Cutting Tool Company, in Rockford, which reduced its engineering and order processing time for customized cutters fro m 10 days to half a day after implementing QRM principles. However, QRM should not be considered as an application of Reengineering as by using principles of system dynamics in the design of Q-ROCs, providing specific engineering and management principles for manufacturing organizations, plus by changing management principles and performance measures and adopting a company-wide approach, QRM goes much deeper than Reengineering. Charging more for speedy response is sustainable only in the short-term. In the long run, it is quality which differentiates a product from its competitors, and the same purpose is served by QRM. Searching for ways of squeezing time out uncovers quality problems and wasted efforts. Changing policies and adopting measures to rectify the same results in higher quality, lower WIP, less overhead, lower operating costs, and greater sales. The QRM Approach yields even better results than Lean Manufacturing as it ignores the wastes caused by long lead times. QRM takes the goal of waste reduction to the next level, creating an even leaner enterprise that will remain a formidable competitor for years to come. As we have seen in many quality improving methodologies like Six Sigma, House of Quality the most important factor in the success of these initiatives is their acceptance by all the members of the organization; and QRM is no different. Realigning of all employees, from the shop floor to the boardroom, from desk workers to senior managers, to the QRM principles is a pre-requisite for the success of QRM, and hence training gains significance. Normally, performance measurement is tied to the cost accounting system which is an impediment to the successful implementation of QRM. Performance measurement must be aligned with the principles of QRM if the company has to benefit from the same. In a nutshell, the following points can be summarized about Quick Response Manufacturing: It requires measurement and efforts to minimize the metric, Manufacturing Critical-path Time (MCT), which is defined as the typical amount of calendar time from when a customer creates an order, through the critical-path, until the first piece of that order is delivered to the customer. This can be measured using the QRM number. Some changes in the structure of the organization are necessary to ensure the success of QRM. It basically requires the strategy of the organization to change from cost-based to entirely time-based with full emphasis on lead time minimization. Functional to Cellular:  Cellular manufacturing is a pre-requisite of QRM as the cells yield greater flexibility in manufacturing Top-down Control to Team Ownership:  QRM requires the formation of closed-loop, cross-functional teams which need to be given complete power for monitoring the processes. Specialized Workers to a Cross-trained Workforce:  Since the success of the process requires reduction in lead times across all the departments, there is a need to provide proper training to the workers so that they can perform multiple tasks and have a broader outlook. Efficiency/Utilization Goals to Lead Time Reduction:  The evaluation parameters, performance measures have to shift from the traditional accounting measures to the goal of lead time reduction. The following steps need to be implemented in the organization so that QRM is a success: 1. Creating a QRM mindset: The most important part is to make people realise the advantages of QRM over the previous measures i.e. the wastes created due to long lead time which are even ignored in Lean Manufacturing. Thereafter, a high-level QRM Steering Committee needs to be formed to oversee the QRM efforts. Also, like Six Sigma,by providing QRM training, some employees can be made QRM champions who can then be entrusted with the responsibility of the projects on a daily basis. 2. Changing of organizational structure Cross-functional planning team are formed to study feasible projects to which QRM can be applied. This would require the management to indulge in a detailed analysis of various consideration like Manufacturing Critical PathTime, product volumes, needs relating to strategy and other factors. Thereafter, QRM cells are formed and training and cross-training is provided to the operators in these cells by an implementation team which consists of members in the new cell as well as planning team members. Measurement of MCT is done to monitor lead time 3. Including of system dynamics QRM requires going through the policies on utilization and efficiency in order to determine the proper loading of the cells. It also calls for making provisions for spare capacities and reduction in the batch sizes in order to reduce the lead time. 4. Enterprisewide expansion of QRM The process would typically begin with a single project. If the project is a success, its results need to be conveyed to all the members of the organization and more projects need to be undertaken based on QRM principles. QRM should not be restricted to the organization alone but should be extended through the entire supply chain. E.g. the suppliers should also be motivated to inculcate and apply the principles of QRM which would have mutual benefits for both parties POLCA: The Material Control System for QRM POLCO is Paired-cell Overlapping Loops of Cards. To implement this system the company need to create cells of the production process focusing on subsets for similar parts and then it processes a given customer order through differing cells depending on the needs of that order. High Level MRP is used to provide high level planning and coordination of materials from external suppliers and across these internal cells. But cells are managed individually. To explain POLCO we can take an example of a shop floor shown in below figure. Assume P1 focuses on color printing and P2 on black white printing after which we have three Formatting Cells, F1, F2 and F3, which convert the printed sheets into reports with the desired pages. After formatting comes binding operation, which include punching holes and notches, cutting the sheets, and bending, A1 to A4. Finally, all orders go to the Shipping Cell S1, where the packaged plates are placed in shipping containers and then loaded onto carts. The material control system used is POLCA where High Level MRP and a cellular organization is a prerequisite. In this case all Release times are created with the help of High Level MRP. But even after authorization of POLCO work will not begin until all conditions are met. POLCO cards are used to communicate and control the material movement between cells. As Figure shows the POLCA card flows for a particular order at any organization based on initial design. This orders routing takes it from P1 to F2, then to A4 for binding, and finally to S1 to be shipped. This order will therefore proceed through the POLCA card loops with the pairs P1/F2, F2/A4 and A4/S1, as shown in the figure. If cell P1 has a job authorized that is going to F3 next, then a P1/F3 card must be available at P1 in order for it to begin that job. If a P1/F3 card is not available, that means that there is a bottleneck at F3 and working on that job will only add to the work-in-process at F3. Instead, it would be better for P1 to put its resources into a job that is needed by another cell that is not backlogged. So the cell team at P1 skips the P1/F3 job for now, and looks at the next authorized job to see if a card is available for that job, and so on. Differences from KANBAN POLCO cards only control flow between cells not within POLCA cards are not product specific but they are specific to particular pair of cells. POLCO cards are used as capacity signal whereas Kanban is used as inventory signal. As return of POLCA card from a downstream cell signals that the cell has available capacity. Benefits yielded by POLCA: POLCA helps in managing short-term fluctuations in capacity and also assists in reducing congestion on the shop floor. If a POLCA card from a downstream cell is not available, it means that that cell or some other cell further downstream is backlogged with work. Hence it does not make sense allocating further work to that particular job, without replanning of resources, as this will only increase inventory in the system since somewhere downstream there is a lack of capacity to work on this job. A better alternative would be to use this cell for some other job during the time being. POLCA cards flow in longer loops which allows the production to respond to changes in demand or differences in the complexities of jobs. The additional jobs in the loop can act as a buffer to absorb variations in demand and product mix which makes it highly suitable to meet the needs of responsiveness. On the contrary, the pull system stresses on achieving constant takt times throughout the organization, ignoring the fact that a variety of products will require different manufacturing times. Benefits of Quick Response Manufacturing Product Leadership: The main objective of QRM is to minimize lead times. By implementing QRM, a company attains many beneficial and competitive advantages. Benefits of Quick Response Manufacturing Product Leadership: QRM enables a firm to have shorter time to market. Thus a firm can reach out to customers with the latest technology while competitors play catch-up. There are two ways of looking at it. The first is that a given point of time a firms product would be superior to that of its competitor. Another point of view is that since a firm has shorter lead time it can deliver technology that is openly available to the market much earlier. Thus, the firm can skim the market due to its superior product. This can be depicted on a time line as shown below. FIRM USING QRM FIRM NOT USING QRM 2007 2009 2010 FIRM USING QRM FIRM NOT USING QRM 2007 2009 2010 Lower working capital: Lower lead times permit companies to have lower raw material and finished goods inventory. As a result the working capital requirement is decreased. This places the firm in a better strategic position to utilise their resources and capital. Better position to increase market share: The lower lead times increase the firms responsiveness to opportunities in the environment. This increased responsiveness helps the firm attract customers and increase its market share. Increased inventory turns: Since the production system is triggered by demand, smaller batches are produced, inventory decreases, and the number of inventory turns increases. Many inefficient producers have substantial amounts of capital tied up in inventory; therefore, their inventory turns are low. Reducing the cost of quality by minimising rework Cellular manufacturing places more responsibility and accountability on specific production teams. This results in specialization which inherently increases the quality of the product. It is much easier to pinpoint defects since the problems are directly traceable to certain teams or members. This has a positive impact on the quality of products. Cost Reduction: QRM aims at finding opportunities to improve the existing process. This results in lower operating costs. Using QRM, companies are able to save, in some cases, up to 25% of total operating costs by solving problems before they happen. Increasing Long Term competitiveness QRM ultimately aims at enhancing the long term competitiveness of the team. The above mentioned benefits are only the stepping stones in the right direction. The enhanced competitiveness of the firm ensures that is objective of enhancing shareholder value is fulfilled. Issues of Quick Response Manufacturing Increased reliance on suppliers QRM requires a strong relationship with ones raw material suppliers and partners. To react to demand, a manufacturing firm must closely partner with suppliers that will quickly accommodate the firms production schedule. However, if the supplier cannot provide raw materials due to problems such as quality assurance/control, equipment repair or union labour, the manufacturing firm may not be able to meet customer requirements. This could result in stock outs and backorders. Change Management It can be very difficult to implement QRM in a manufacturing environment. QRM is a business enabling philosophy that works top-down and therefore, changes the roles and responsibilities of the employees. Traditional roles, from lower levels through upper management, are drastically modified and the corporate infrastructure is typically altered. Employees can be extremely apathetic to these changes, which is a barrier that could significantly hinder the implementation process and the success of QRM. To implement QRM, companies must have representation from all functions i.e line and support functions (production, planning, purchasing, engineering, manufacturing, quality, finance and human resources) to facilitate the implementation. All functional areas need to buy-in to QRM philosophy to successfully implement such a major change in the way the firm does business. What Differentiates QRM from Lean? First and foremost is the QRM mindset: the driver for all the principles and strategies in QRM is reduction of lead time. This time-based mindset results in many operating policies that are different from traditional ones. In contrast the driver in JIT/Lean is waste reduction. Although the business press has been talking about the importance of lead time reduction, or speed, for over a decade, we find that most companies still lack the knowledge and the tools to effectively reduce their lead times. Worse still, policies are in place that are lengthening, rather than shortening, lead times. QRM devotes a substantial amount of effort in educating management and workers on why these traditional policies result in long lead times, and in showing them the QRM principles that must be put in place instead. QRM is a companywide strategy. While the original implementation of JIT/Lean at Toyota may well have encompassed the whole company, most Western implementations of JIT/Lean have focused on manufacturing and materials management. In many cases, JIT/Lean has been interpreted even more narrowly as merely implementing a pull system with kanban cards. In contrast, QRM clarifies at the outset that it is a companywide strategy with implications far beyond the shop floor, and principles for other company areas, such as, office operations, are clearly presented as part of the QRM philosophy. QRM provides rational principles and tools for lead time reduction. QRM uses an understanding of system dynamics, and exploits this understanding to define the best structures and policies that will reduce lead times. QRM begins by educating employees and giving them insight into these system dynamics. This then helps justify, to management and workers, the need for changes in policies. State-of-the-art analysis tools such as the MPX software package incorporate this analysis of system dynamics and help to derive the specific changes needed and to quantify the benefits that would be achieved. For companies making a large variety of products with variable demand, as well as for companies making highly engineered products, the JIT/Lean strategy of pull is either wasteful or breaks down altogether. For such companies, QRM provides an alternative strategy called POLCA which combines the best features of push and pull without their drawbacks. While the JIT/Lean approach tries to eliminate variability, QRM recognizes that in certain markets responding to this variability may provide competitive advantage. Instead of eliminating variability, QRM creates an effective organization structure to cope with it and serve the market. QRM does this by exploiting its understanding of system dynamics. A specific example of the difference between JIT/Lean and QRM is the issue of delivery of material or components. On-time delivery is a cornerstone of JIT/Lean is implementation. And yet QRM understands of organizational dynamics shows that promoting on-time delivery results in dysfunctional dynamics with longer lead times and higher costs. QRM provides alternative metrics based on lead time reduction that promise greater improvement in the long run. The QRM approach extends to supply management as well, and is called time-based supply management (Ericksen, 2000). Companies such as John Deere are finding that, particularly for smaller suppliers, the time based mindset and QRM principles offer an effective approach to target improvements at the suppliers operation. In addition, rapid results can be achieved, with significant improvements in supplier deliveries and quality, and reduction in supplier cost and lead time (Golden, 1999; Ericksen, 2000; Nelson, 2000). To summarize, QRM pursues the relentless reduction of lead time all QRM principles stem from this singular driving concern. Instead of management announcing dozens of programs and acronyms, QRM enables management to present one unified message to the organization, and all policies follow from this one driving strategy. Examples of implementation of Quick Response Manufacturing: Trans-Coil Inc. The Milwaukee Company is a manufacturer of equipment that supports variable-speed electric drives. Problem: Trans-Coil Inc.s process sometimes dragged longer than couple of weeks they promised to the customers. Improving its record for production time and meeting deadlines was the only way not to risk losing business. Had Trans-Coil built large numbers of components in advance, ready for shipping, it would mean spending loads of money on raw materials, production and handling, without assurances of turnover of the warehoused products. The company would be stuck then with unused, obsolete components in situations when customers made even minor changes to their specifications. Solution: Having quick-response manufacturing, companies can minimize the time it takes for products to flow via their operations. It makes companies nimble, responsive, and lower costs. For changing operations, Trans-Coil commenced with its factory. Production workers were cross-trained to learn all jobs in the plant. That was a huge change from days when employees occasionally stepped out of their work areas. Trans-Coil employees are now separated into work cells which focus on smaller order sizes which includes custom work, with teams responsible for getting products out o

Science, Development and Humanity :: Science Scientific Papers

Science, Development and Humanity ABSTRACT: The formation of a new scientific picture of the world is connected with the necessity of subjectivity. This subjectivity posits no limits for the scientific aspects of cognitive processes, but embraces a comprehensive world of spiritual activity. To choose the most effective model of social behavior, it is important to have an adequate knowledge of reality (i.e., the objective regularities of the surrounding world). Modern science reflects the vagueness of reality and, in consequence, the impossibility of using classical approaches. Increasingly, the negative phenomena of the surrounding world reflects the complexity of natural and socio-natural systems, especially on the global scale. Restrictions of the classical approaches to this complexity can be overcome within the synergistic theories or hierarchical systems theory that are becoming more and more popular. The necessity of appeal to modern theories, initiated as the result of ecological crises, stimulates the process es of new paradigm formation in science, acting often in spite of the needs and motives of society. The role of scientific world cognition in the history of Humanity is not considered to be unequivocal. One must not overestimate it's significance in man's living being improvement, raising it's status, expansion of it's rights, but one should confirm the development of science only, and further more, the appearance of technical inventions completely changed the relations between the man and the world surrounding him, generating ecological crisis. On the other hand, the problem of Humanity future development is extremely complex, it's solving is only with the use of scientific potential. Attribute of Mind, giving a man the right to be crowning point of nature determined the direction of the Planet history development several centuries ahead. To great extend, rationality, as well as the science itself is the result of Age of Enlightenment and it caused upheavals in Europe and influenced further world development. The Picture of world during New Age was seen as if the event was determined exactly by the starting conditions. According to Laplas Principle of determination one could recall the past and predict future in details in case if one possessed the total combination of data at any moment of time. In scientific view of New Age laws of nature were given their own status, differed greatly comparing with the laws expressing models of relations between people, determined by the norms and values of religion and morals. Thus, Ch.Snow's mind, premises for existence of "two culture's conflicts" appeared.

How Current Issues Affect Our Economy Essay

It has been a common notion that current issues affect a country’s economy. Particularly, in the U. S. , issues such as election, war, and immigration are often pointed out to cause the economy to rise or fall. Also, there is a speculation tying up the economy with the prices of stocks, in that the rise in the prices indicates an improving economy and vice versa. Although existing studies have not established a sure claim that current issues truly affect the economy (Socioeconomic Foundation Website), we can point out reasons how such issues can make the economy rise or fall. First, let us consider how elections can improve or pull down our economy. As what we may hear during election periods, the success of our economy is somehow dependent on whoever wins. On the one hand, if the incumbent government stays in power, the economy, with all its budget appropriations, would be sustained. Therefore, there is a tendency that our economy could maintain its present status and there would be no fear of decline. On the other hand, if a new regime takes over, a new set of budget will be proposed, and there could be an economic recession, which could eventually lead to some losses. In the same way, war can affect the economy in two ways. It can have positive implications, as well as negative ones. On the positive side, involvement in war could make a country more powerful and prominent. In addition, it promises future alliances, which assure us of additional areas for investment. As such, the country’s power and territory widens, and this leads to developing trust of other nations on the country’s stability. This development of trust to the U. S. power could later mean more investments and alliances. On the negative side, involvement in war could also imply a lot of drawbacks. For instance, recipient countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan receive a funding of USD 1. 3 billion for their infrastructure, community action, and other local projects. As such, involvement in war could lead to economic slur or upsurge. Aside from election and involvement in war, immigration is another issue affecting the US economy. As Croddy & Hayes (2007) note, the issue of illegal or unauthorized immigration has existed for the last thirty years. Illegal immigrants include all people who have been overstaying in the country, and those without proper documentation. While some of them may have jobs to support themselves and their family, a lot of these people do not have a livelihood and literally rely on what the US government can provide. Specifically, the government spends for their children’s education in public schools, medical benefits, and other projects that they benefit from such as infrastructure, telecommunication, etc. Similarly, these people contribute in depleting the country’s natural resources, and utilize energy, water, and air. Another issue that may be affecting the U. S. economy is the problem with HIV victims. As the fight against AIDS continues, the government keeps on spending a lot of money to discover the cure for the said disease. This also implies that as the cure for AIDS has not been found, the government will continue its effort to allocate some of its budget to inventions and researches. References Croddy, Marshall and Hayes, Bill.â€Å"Current Issues of Immigration, 2007. † 2007. Retrieved 2 February 2008 . â€Å"Key Aspects of Socionomic Theory. † Socioeconomic Foundation. Retrieved 5 February 2008 . Lancaster, Carol. â€Å"U. S. Foreign Economic Aid in 2008: Winners and Losers in President Bush’s Proposed Budget. † Retrieved 4 February 2008 .

PESTLE, PORTER and SWOT analysis of LUKOIL Essay - 2595 Words

Alina Belkina 1. Short overview of LUKOIL Industry Oil and gas Founded 1991 Headquarters Moscow, Russia CEO Vagit Alekperov Products Petroleum, Natural gas, Petrochemicals Revenue Increase US$ 139.2 billion (2012) Net income Increase US$ 11. billion (2012) Employees 150,000 LUKOIL, a vertically integrated oil company, and carries out exploration, acquisition, integration and subsequent efficient development of oil and gas fields outside the Russian Federation to facilitate the transformation of LUKOIL into a transnational energy corporation. LUKOIL operates in 25 countries (the most major of them are Russia, Azerbaijan, USA, Georgia, Turkey and Czech Republic). Net income in 2013 is $3.105 billion. Basic earnings†¦show more content†¦2. Interest rate The interest rate in Russia was last recorded at 5.50 percent. Interest Rate in Russia is reported by the Central Bank of Russia. It is quite high interest rate in comparison with for instance European countries. The average interest rate in Europe is 0.25%. For LUKOIL it is a threat of decreasing the company’s sales, because during high interest rate potential consumers tend to spend less (borrowings become more expensive). Therefore the consumer purchasing power is quite low and company’s sales will be decreased. Figure 2.2 Russia interest rate 3. Inflation rate Figure 2.4 Russia inflation rate Figure 2.5 Petroleum price RUB per liter As we can see Figure 2.4 and Figure 2.5, the oil price and rate of inflation are connected directly: when oil price goes up, the inflation follows in the same direction. We can explain it by that the oil is the major input in economy (oil is used for manufacturing and transportation). The inflation rate in Russia was recorded at 6.30 percent in October of 2013. It has a positive impact on Oil and Gas industry. LUKOIL can estimate future profit more accurate and eliminate several risks which effected by the oil price and inflation rate. 4. Unemployment rate Figure 2.5 Russia unemployment rate At the moment the rate is 5,5%. And the tendency has a declining character. Thus it could be opportunity to find high-qualified employees. There is a competition on a